Tulaxin

Drug Category: antibiotics

Dosage form: Sterile solution for injection

Composition: Each ml of drug contains 100 mg of tulatromycin

Mechanism of action:

Semi-synthetic antibiotics derived from erythromycin which is very powerful and effective both in effect and in terms of concentration and persistence of the drug in the target tissue. The drug is rapidly absorbed from the injection site and the maximum concentration of the drug is seen in the lung tissue within 24 hours. The concentration of tulatromycin in lung homogeneity is significantly higher than the plasma concentration. It is excreted by the liver, bile and by the kidneys. In cattle, two-thirds of the drug is found in the feces, about 90% of which is unchanged.

This broad-spectrum antibiotics effective in preventing widespread infections, placental abruption, and more. tulathromycin, a macrolide antibiotic, that has been shown to have antibacterial effects against respiratory pathogens in cattle and sheep.

Tulatromycin binds to the S50 subunit of the ribosome as soon as it enters the bacterial cell and prevents protein synthesis by the bacterium. The high ability of this drug to penetrate into bacteria and survive is one of the main differences between this drug and other macrolides

This antibiotic can replace magnesium ions, which form the lipopolysaccharide structure of gram-negative bacteria and thus increase the penetration of the drug into gram-negative bacteria. On the other hand, reducing the efficiency of the bacterial drainage pump leads to greater survival of the drug molecule inside the bacterial cell.

The highest concentration of the drug is found in the lung tissue and therefore its pulmonary concentration is much higher than its plasma concentration, which is due to the difference between the pH of the lung tissue (acidic) and the pH of the drug (Henerson-Hasselbach equation). In addition, due to its accumulation in inflammatory cells (neutrophils and macrophages) and its slow exit from these cells, this drug causes these cells to act as carriers and sources of drugs at the site of inflammation.

Indications:

Cattle :

It is effective in treating bovine respiratory involvement (BRD). Respiratory bacteria such as Mannemia hemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, Histophilus someni, Mycoplasma bovis, Mycoplasma hyponmonia, Haemophilus parasovis, Bordetella bronchiectica, and Actinobacillus pluropneumoniae are affected or infected.

Sheep:

It has an antibacterial effect in the early stages of foot rot in sheep.

Dosage and Administration Routs:

Cattle:

 Inject subcutaneously in the neck at a dosage of 2.5 mg/kg body weight (BW). which requires the weight of the animal to be carefully measured for the amount of drug used. In Cattles weighing more than 300 kg, divide the dose so that no more than 7.5 ml is injected at one site.

Sheep:

Inject intramuscularly at a dosage of 2.5 mg/kg Body Weight (BW)

Warnings:

Tulatromycin is an eye irritant. In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of clean water.

Tulatromycin may cause skin allergies. Immediately after use and in case of contact with skin, wash the area with soap and water.

Side effects:

Subcutaneous administration in cattle and intramuscularly in sheep can cause temporary pain reaction and transient local tissue reaction in the injection site tissue.

Long-term use and overdose causes toxicity and heart complications, and due to liver failure in young (newborn) animals, the metabolism of this drug is impaired and can have side effects and toxicity on the heart. Cardiac complications are due to blockage of calcium channels, which causes cardiac arrhythmias and decreased cardiac output.

Cardiovascular changes have been reported in doses of 12.5-15 (5 to 6 times the dose) in one-month-old calves.

Drug interactions:

Cross-resistance occurs with other macrolides. Do not administer concomitantly with antimicrobials with similar function as other macrolides or lincosamides.

Withdrawal Period:

Do not use in lactating animals that produce milk for human consumption.

The abstinence time is 22 days in cattle and 16 days in sheep.

Pharmaceutical precautions:

Store at 25 ° C or less. Shelf life after the first use of the product is 28 days.

Packaging: 20, 50 and 100 ml vials.