Ceftiprin 4

Drug Category: Antibiotic.

Pharmaceutical Form: Sterile Powder for Injectable Suspension.

Composition: Ceftiofur Sodium, eq. to 4 g Ceftiofur.

Each vial contains 4 g of Ceftiofur, which after preparation of its solution will equal 50 mg of base Ceftiofur in the form of sodium salts in 1ml.

Mechanism of Actions:

Ceftiofur is from group of cephalosporin and the third generation of this group. The mechanism of action of cephalosporin is similar to penicillin and bactericidal. Cephalosporin have been linked to proteins that have a penicillin binding site and are present in bacterial cytoplasmic reticulum, and interfering with transpeptidase and other cell wall enzymes, inhibit the synthesis of bacterial cell walls. Also, the division and growth of the cell are inhibited; sensitive bacteria are often lysed and disappearing. Cephalosporins are usually resistant to penicillinase, while they are sensitive to cephalosporinase, which is a β-lactamase enzyme. Ceftiofur is mainly effective against gram-negative bacteria. They also have a small effect on gram-positive bacteria.

Pharmacokinetics:

After injecting, the drug is rapidly absorbed throughout the body, including kidneys, lungs, joints and soft tissues, and 45 minutes after injection, it reaches maximum plasma concentration. Ceftiofur has little penetration into the CSF. The drug is metabolized in the liver and several active metabolites are produced. The main excretion of Ceftiofur is through renal and urinary filtration.

Indications:

Cattle: Treatment of bovine respiratory diseases (shipping fever and pneumonia), especially those caused by Pasteurella haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida and Haemophilus, even in dairy cows during breastfeeding, Foot root treatment due to fusobacterium necroforum and Bacteroides melaninogenicus.

Sheep: Treatment of respiratory diseases (sheep pneumonia) caused by Pasteurella multocida and Mannheimia haemolytica.

Goats: Treatment of respiratory diseases (goat pneumonia) caused by Pasteurella multocida and Mannheimia haemolytica.

Horses: Treatment of respiratory infections caused by Streptococcus zooepidermicus.

Dogs: Treatment of urinary tract infections with E. coli and Pasteurella mirabilis.

Dosage and Administration Routs:

Cattle, sheep and goat: 1.2-2.2 mg/kg body weight (equivalent to 1-2 ml of prepared sterile solution for 45.3 kg body weight), which is administered intramuscularly or subcutaneously in cattle and in sheep and goat Intra-muscular injection. The treatment should be repeated at intervals of 24 hours for 3 consecutive days. If after two or three days of treatment no satisfactory results were observed, continue treatment on the fourth and fifth days.

Horses: 2.2 to 4.4 mg/kg body weight (equivalent to 2 to 4 ml of prepared sterile solution for 45.3 kg body weight), which is administered intramuscularly. Every 24 hours, the injection should be repeated. Continue the treatment for another 48 hours after removing the symptoms of the disease. If there is no response within 4-5 days, you must review the diagnosis of the disease.

Dogs: 2.2 mg per kg body weight (equivalent to 0.5 ml of prepared sterile solution for every 10 kg body weight) by subcutaneous route. Treatment should be repeated at 24-hour intervals for 5-14 day.

By adding 80 ml of sterile water inside the vial, the reconstituted solution is prepared. Shake well after adding water to obtain a uniform solution.

Adverse and Common Side Effects:

One of the most common side effects of cephalosporin is hypersensitivity reactions due to the very similarity of this drug with penicillin, which usually causes sensitization to one of them, rather than another. Other side effects are the possibility of lesions and renal toxicity, which is the use of high and prolonged and more frequent amounts. The use of Ceftiofur with aminoglycosides may exacerbate the effect of renal toxicity (nephrotoxicity) on aminoglycosides. Co-administration of Ceftiofur with furosemide may exacerbate the effect of nephrotoxicity of Ceftiofur.

Contra Indications:

The use of drugs in animals that are sensitive to cephalosporin, especially Ceftiofur, is prohibited.

Withdrawal time: Meat: Cattle: 8 hours

   Milk: nil.

Pharmaceutical Precautions:

The initial medicine (not reconstituted) should be kept at a temperature of 2-8°C and away from light. Keep the reconstituted medicine in the refrigerator at 2-8°C for 5 days or at a temperature of 15-25°C (room temperature) for up to 12 hours. The prepared sterilized solution can be stored frozen for up to 8 weeks. Take the frozen solution first under warm water so that the ice melts and a clear solution is obtained and then take it as order. It should be noted that do not take the drug more than once from frozen condition.

Packaging: Sterile powder in the 4 gram vial.