Butalone

Drug Category: Anti-haemprotozoans Drugs

Pharmaceutical Form: Sterile Injectable Solution

Composition: Buparvaquone 50 mg/ml.

Mechanism of Actions:

Buparvaquone acts on the macroschizonts and intra erythrocyte piroplasms Buparvaquone is an analog of parvaquone which is hydroxy naphthoquinone. Comparing to parvaquone is more resistant to destructive metabolic reactions. Hence, its activity in vitro is 20 times and invivo 8 times more than parvaquone. Buparvaquone is effective against various Theileria like T.parva and T.annulata. Buparvaquone effects against theileriosis due to preventing and blocking of electron transfer in chain of parasite respiratory because of special enzymes take role in transferring electron in the chain of parasite respiratory, and ability an usage of parasite from these enzymes is 10/000 times of mammalians, thus without any damage to animal with this mechanism parasite are destroyed.

Pharmacokinetics:

Buparvaquone is distributed in the body following intramuscular administration, in cattle maximum tissue levels are reached within 3.17 hour of dosing. Buparvaquone has a biological half-life of 26.44hours.

Indications:

Buparvaquone is indicated for the treatment of theileriosis in exotic as well as cross bred cattle and calves, caused by strains of T.annulata and T.parva (East coast fever)

Dosages and Administration Routs:

Large Animals: 1 ml per 20 kg bodyweight.

A single injection of 1 ml per 20 kg bodyweight (2.5 mg Buparvaquone per kg) is usually sufficient.

In severe cases, a further treatment with Buparvaquone, at the same dose rate of 1 ml per 20 kg body weight may be required. Normally this should be given within 48-72 hours of the initial injection.

Administer by intramuscular injection only. Intramuscular injection, to be given in the anterior half of the neck.

Warning:

Avoid subcutaneous and intravenous injection.

Further Information:

Buparvaquone is active against both the schizont and piroplasm stages of theileria species and may be used in the incubation period of the disease or when clinical signs are apparent. Treatment with Buparvaquone should be given to clinically affected animals and to in contact animals which may be infected but are not showing clinical signs.

Adverse and Common Side Effects:

Buparvaquone should not be given by intravenous or subcutaneous injection, localized, painless, and edematous. Swelling may occasionally be seen at the injection site especially in thin skinned animals.

Withdrawal time: Milk: 2 days after last treatment.

                                Meat: 42 days after last treatment.

Pharmaceutical Precautions:

Store below 30°C, protected from light. Do not freeze.

Packaging: 20, 50 ml glass vials.