Hemazen

Category:  Anti-haemprotozoans drugs

 Pharmaceutical form: Sterile Injectable Solution

 Composition:Diminazene aceturate 70 mg/ ml

 
MECHANTSM OF ACTIONS
Trypanocidal activity of diamidines directly is due to guanyl groups. The presents of two of these groups separated by a paraffin hydrocarbon chain is found to give a high trypanocidal effect which increases as the length of the paraffin chain is increased and reaches a maximum at undecane diamidine In addition to trypanocidal activity diminazene aceturate is babesicidal, and bactericidal Antiparasitic effect of diminazene is due to interference in aerobic glycolysis and also interference in the process of replicating DNA of parasite. since babesia and trypanosoma for performance of aerobic glycolysis highly depend on host blood glucose, there for after injection, this drug blocks usage of parasite from host glucose  also with making changes in the nature of nucleoprotein of parasite shows its anti trypanosoma and babesicidal effect

 PHARMACOKINETICS: One hour after injection maximum blood concentration is achieved. In dogs it takes three hours to reach the maximum blood concentration. Maximum blood concentration is for rabbits 1.1 ppm, cattle 4.6- 6 ppm and sheep and goats 3.9- 6.7 ppm. In cattle the drug primarily excreted in urine

 INDICATIONS: Diminazene is indicated for the treatment of Babesiosis from Babesia. Equi, B. bovis ,B.bigemina, B.canis, B. motasi. For the treatment of trypanosomiasis from T. brucei, T. vivax and T. congolense

 Dosage
Babesiosis: Cattle, Horse, Sheep, goats & dogs: 3.5 mg per kg bodyweight
Trypanosomiasis: 7 mg per kg bodyweight
ADMINISTRATION ROUTS
Diminazene must be administered subcutaneously or intramuscularly

 ADVERSE AND COMMON SIDE EFFECTS
Local reactions may occur at the sites of injection. They may be severe in horses. When administered internally, cause on arterial dilation and a lowering of blood pressure, there is also an increase in the tone and movement of intestinal muscles. Kidney and liver damage are the main toxic effects: this result in vomiting, diarrhea, jaundice, etc

 TOXICITY
Multiple therapeutics doses of Diminazene in healthy dogs produce severe nervous signs and prominent hemorrhagic and malacia lesions of the cerebellum, midbrain, and thalamus. Degenerative fatty changes occur in liver, kidneys, myocardium, and muscles of some dogs so treated. In cattle given multiple doses of Diminazene, the fatty degeneration is more severe, but only mild nervous signs are seen.

 Withdrawal time:  Milk& Meat: 7 days after last treatment

 Pharmaceutical precautions: Store below 25 ^OC places, protected from light. Do not freeze

 Package quantities:20 ml vial