Mineral Substances
Calcimaphor 40
Code
Price: 0.00
Category: Minerals.
Pharmaceutical Form: Sterile Injectable Solution.
Composition :
Calcium Gluconate 340.1 mg/ml
Magnesium Hypophosphite 22 mg/ml
Propylene glycol 30 mg/ml
Boric acid 67 mg/ml
Chlorocresol 1 mg/ml
Mechanism of Actions:
Although all three ions are important electrolytes and function in the acid – base buffer systems, more prominent clinically is the part they play in tissue metabolism .Calcium is highly important in eliciting the motor response characteristic of many types of cell. Free calcium ions are essential to the contractility of smooth and striped muscle , either entering the cells at depolarization in the case of smooth muscle or being released from intra cellular stores in voluntary muscle .This sequence is known as excitation –contraction coupling . The relaxation of muscle is dependent on calcium ion extrusion or sequestration. Calcium is important to neuromuscular function also in relation to the exocytose of neural acetylcholine and to the transmission of impulses along nerves. In all these situations, calcium and magnesium ions exert opposing effects, and this interaction contributes to the variability of the impairment of neuromuscular function in milk fever, which range from spastic to flaccid paralysis. The phosphate ion is a component of body buffering and the form of its excretion in urine (i.e. as hydrogen phosphate or as dihydrogen phosphate) buffers the excretion of hydrions into ultrafiltrate. In the cell phosphate is of functional relevance to intermediary metabolism via phosphorylations of structural significance as membrane phosphlipid and is most important in energy transfer via the energy – rich phosphate bond. It occurs in nucleic acids and nucleotides also.
The magnesium ion is essential for normal bone metabolism, normal nerve function and muscle irritability. Magnesium also plays an essential port in the coenzyme System which links normal carbohydrate metabolism with phosphate metabolism and the provision of energy for muscle contraction.
PHARMACOKINETICS:
Hay, grass and silage are adequate dietary sources of calcium .This are well absorbed by active transport, and the skeleton contains about 95 % of body calcium mostly as hydroxyapatite, the crystalline mineral component of bone. The absorption of calcium from the gut and its mobilization from bone are strongly supported by vitamin D and parathyroid hormone levels and are central to calcium homeostasis. Phosphate is absorbed actively from the acid environment of the upper small intestine. Absorbtion from the gut and proximal tubules is increased by vitamin D .Most of the phosphate in the body is present, with calcium, in the mineral component of bones and teeth.
INDICATIONS:
Calcimaphor is used for the treatment of hypocalcaemia in cattle, sheep and goats where hypomagnesaemia is suspected, Rickets in growing animals and osteomalacia in adult animal.
Dosage:
Cattle: 150 - 400 ml
Sheep & goats: 20-50 ml
Administration Routs: Administer by slow intravenous or subcutaneous routes only.
ADVERSE AND COMMON SIDE EFFECTS:
Intravenous administration should be slow to prevent a high concentration of calcium reaching the heart, which could cause heart block. Administer should be slowed if severe arrhythmias or bradycardia occur .Animals with hypocalcaemia and endotoxemia such as cows with acute coliform mastitis , are especially prone to cardiac dysrhythmias caused by intravenous calcium therapy .
DRUG INTERACTIONS:
Calcium borogluconate is incompatible if mixed with cephalothin, prednisolone phosphate, tetracyclines, sodium bicarbonate, phenylbutazone, and sulfonamides.
Further information:
Warm the solution to body temperature and inject slowly as soon as possible after onset of attack. Do not freeze
Withdrawal time: Nil
Pharmaceutical precautions: store at room temperature, not exceeding 30OC, protected from light. Do not freeze.
Package quantities: 250 ml vials.
