Dipyron

Drug Category: Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory, Anti-fever & Antispasmodic

Pharmaceutical Form: Sterile Injectable Solution.

Composition: Dipyron 500 mg/ml    

Mechanism of Actions:

Dipyron has analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-fever properties. This drug is chemically similar to phenylbutazone. Dipyron, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, inhibits the activity of cyclooxygenase and biosynthesis of prostaglandin. Dipyron has an analgesic effect that affects the nervous system and is considered as a sedative drug. The peripheral vascular dilatation, which is regulated through the central system, causes heat loss, thereby creating the antipyretic effect of Dipyron. This usually occurs in cases of abnormal increase in body temperature such as fever. The anti-inflammatory activity of this drug depends on the change in blood accumulation in the inflamed organ. Reducing vascular permeability, general oxidative depletion and tissue absorption into the lymph system play an important role in the progression of this procedure.

Pharmacokinetics:

After intravenous injection of Dipyron, it quickly disappears from the blood plasma. None of the metabolites derived from Dipyron do not have much binding power to plasma proteins, and the highest amount of drug administered in a therapeutic phase is excreted in the urine and in various metabolites.

Indications:

Dipyron is used in diseases that require central analgesic effects, generalized painkiller, spasmolytic, anti-fever, anti-rheumatism, and inflammation. Dipyron is used in many diseases related to horse, cattle, sheep, goat, and dog, as follows.

• General pain reduction to confronting with restlessness and resistance of the livestock to pain.
• To sedation Colic with various causes, with muscle spasm states, such as abdominal muscles in the cow and horse.
• Esophageal obstruction by a foreign body in the horses and cattle.
• Febrile illness such as severe cases of mastitis, poisoning in horses, waist pain, tetanus diseases along with administration of tetanus antiserum.
• Acute and chronic arthritis, rheumatic conditions in muscles and joints, neuritis, inflammation of the vagina.

Dosages and Administration Routs:

Horse: 20-50 mg per Kg bodyweight, equivalent to 20-60 ml.
Cattle: 20-40 mg per Kg bodyweight, equivalent to 15-40 ml.
Dogs: 20-50 mg per Kg bodyweight, equivalent to 1-5 ml.

This drug is used by the intravenous route (acute disease) or intramuscular. If necessary, re-administration of the drug is possible on the same day. In acute conditions, both intramuscular and intravenous injection method may be used simultaneously.

Adverse and Common Side Effects:

In the long-term use of Dipyron, there is a potential for agranulocytosis and leukopenia. Dipyron may increase the risk of bleeding due to its inhibition of prothrombin formation. Other side effects of Dipyron include hepatocellular hepatitis, allergic reactions such as asthma, urticarial and rash, low blood prothrombins, gastrointestinal bleeding, nausea, vomiting, thrombosis and edema. Subcutaneous injection can cause local irritation. The use of this drug may cause redness and irritation.

Contra Indication:

The use of Dipyron in livestock with a haemopoietic system failure should be avoided.

The use of drugs in the event of a history of intolerance to the livestock or allergy to Dipyron is prohibited. Prescribing is prohibited in cases of liver disease. The use of Dipyron in racing horses should be avoided 5 days before the race.

Warnings:

Dipyron may occasionally cause lethargic agranulocytosis, so the risk of developing this disorder should be weighed against the benefits of the drug when administered. Excessive drug administration may cause hysteria.

Drug Interactions:

Dipyron should not be used in conjunction with phenylbutazone or barbiturates, because it disrupts the function of the liver microsomal enzyme system and ultimately metabolizes the drug. Dipyron should not be used concurrently with chlorpromazine due to potentially serious hypothermia.

Withdrawal time: Milk: 7 days from last treatment.

                                Meat: 35 days from last treatment.

Pharmaceutical Precautions:

Store below 30°C, protected from light. Do not freeze.

Packaging: 20, 50 and 100 ml amber vial.