Sulfadin

Drug Category:  Antimicrobial

Pharmaceutical Form: Sterile Injectable Solution.

Composition: Each ml Contains 333 mg sulfadimidine sodium    

Mechanism of Actions:
The Sulfonamides are Structural analogs of Para- aminobenzoic acid (PABA) and competitively inhibit an enzymatic step (dihydropterate synthetase) during which PABA is incorporated into the synthesis of dihydrofolic acid (folic acid). Because dihydrofolate synthesis is reduced, the levels of tetrahydrofolate (folinic acid) formed dihydrofolate diminish. Tetrahydrofolate is an essential Component of the coenzymes responsible for Single Carbon metabolism in cells. Acting as antimetabolite to PABA, Sulfonamides eventually block, in a complex fashion, several enzymes. These enzymes include those needed for the biogenesis of purine bases, for the transfer of desoxyuridine to thymidine, and for the biosynthesis of methionine, glycine, and formylmethionyl - transfer - RNA. These results in suppression of protein synthesis, impairment of metabolic processes, and inhibition of growth and multiplication of those organisms that cannot use performed folate. The effect is bacteriostatic, although a bactericidal action is evident at the high concentration that may occur in urine.   

PHARMACOKINETICS:
Sulfadimidine is absorbed rapidly following IV administration. Plasma disappearance half- life of drug ( in hours ) is 7.2 in sheep , 9 in cattle. The relatively slow excretion of Sulfadimidine and high degree of metabolite solubility reduce occurrence of sulfonamide precipitation in renal tubules .

INDICATIONS:
Sulfadine is Commonly Used to treat or prevent acute Systemic or local infections. Disease Syndromes treated with this drug include: actinobacillosis, Coccidiosis, Mastitis, and Metritis.Foot- Rot Colibacillosis, Pododermatitis,Polyarthritis, respiratory infections, and toxoplasmosis.

Administration Routs:
Sulfadimidine must be administered subcutaneously and intravenously.

DOSAGE:
Initial dose: 100- 200 mg per kg bodyweight
Maintenance dose: 50-150 mg per kg bodyweight administered 24 hours after the initial dose and repeated if necessary After a further 24 hour interval the Maximum period of treatment should be 5 days.

ADVERSE AND COMMON SIDE EFFECTS:
Adverse reactions to Sulfadimidine may be due to hypersensitivity or direct toxic effects. Possible hypersensitivity reactions include: urticaria, anaphylaxis, skin rashes, drug fever, polyarthritis, hemolytic anemia, and agranulocytosis.
Acute toxic manifestations may be seen after too rapid IV administration or if an excessive dose is injected.

DRUG INTERACTIONS:
Sulfonamides may increase the effects of phenylbutazone, phenytoin, Salicylates, thiazide, diuretics, and probenicid.

Withdrawal time:
Meat: 10 days after last treatment.
Milk: 4 days after last treatment.

Pharmaceutical precautions: store at room temperature, not exceeding 30ºC, protected from light. Do not freeze.

Package quantities: Multidose vials of 250 ml.